Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. The federal constitutional monarchy consists of 13 states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions, Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia (Malaysian Borneo). Peninsular Malaysia shares a land and maritime border with Thailand and maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, and Indonesia. East Malaysia shares land and maritime borders with Brunei and Indonesia and a maritime border with the Philippines and Vietnam. Kuala Lumpur is the national capital and largest city while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. With a population of over 30 million, Malaysia is the world’s 44th most populous country. The southernmost point of continental Eurasia, Tanjung Piai, is in Malaysia. In the tropics, Malaysia is one of 17 megadiverse countries, with large numbers of endemic species.
Malaysia has its origins in the Malay kingdoms which, from the 18th century, became subject to the British Empire, along with the British Straits Settlements protectorate. Peninsular Malaysia was unified as the Malayan Union in 1946. Malaya was restructured as the Federation of Malaya in 1948 and achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Malaya united with North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore on 16 September 1963 to become Malaysia. In 1965, Singapore was expelled from the federation.
The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, which plays a large role in its politics. About half the population is ethnically Malay, with large minorities of Malaysian Chinese, Malaysian Indians, and indigenous peoples. While recognising Islam as the country’s established religion, the constitution grants freedom of religion to non-Muslims. The government system is closely modelled on the Westminster parliamentary system and the legal system is based on common law. The head of state is the king, known as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He is an elected monarch chosen from the hereditary rulers of the nine Malay states every five years. The head of government is the Prime Minister. The country’s official language is Malaysian, a standard form of the Malay language. English remains an active second language.
Capital: Kuala Lumpur
Population: 32.8 million

Blog Posts
Malaysia: Penang – Batik Museum
Malaysia: Penang – The Wonder Food Museum
Malaysia: Penang – Kek Lok Si Temple
Malaysia: Penang – Chew Jetty
Malaysia: Penang – George Town Street Art
Malaysia: Penang – Pinang Peranakan Mansion
Malaysia: Penang – Khoo Kongsi
Malaysia: Penang – Cheong Fatt Tze (The Blue Mansion)
Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur – Batu Caves
Malaysia: Malacca (Melaka) City
Malaysia: Borneo – The Rain Forest Discovery Centre
Malaysia: Borneo (Sabah) – Cruising the Kinabatangan River
Malaysia: Borneo – A chance meeting with pygmy elephants
Malaysia: Sabah – Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
STATES | |||
Johor | Kedah | Kelantan | Melaka |
Negeri Sembilan | Pahang | Perak | Perlis |
Pulau Pinang | Sabah | Sarawak | Selangor |
Terengganu |
USEFUL INFORMATION
Currency & banking
Current exchange rate: $1USD = 4.67 Ringgit
The official currency of Malaysia is the Malaysian Ringgit, which has the international code MYR and the symbol RM. Malaysian banknotes have 6 denominations: RM1, RM2, RM5, RM10, RM50 and RM100. However the RM2 is rarely used.
The Malaysian Ringgit is divided into 100 sen: sen5, sen10, sen20 and sen50.
Credit cards from major providers are accepted almost everywhere. That includes Visa and Mastercard as well as American Express and Diners Club.
Just be wary of the charges you might incur for using your credit card overseas. These can include:
- International transaction fees
- High exchange rate margins
- ATM fees
- Potential ‘cash advance fees if you use an ATM
Getting around
Boats
The only way to travel to the small tropical islands off the coast is by boat. These are usually smaller-sized boats that can take you to the islands quickly. Most boat rides take approximately 30-45 minutes. If you travel to the Taman Negara, you’ll sail on a wooden jungle boat for about 2hrs.
Buses
Bus transport on the west coast is very well arranged. Buses here are quite comfortable with air conditioning. We can make arrangements for you to travel by bus prior to you travelling, making it a simple process. From Kuala Lumpur, buses depart to Malacca, Singapore, Taman Negara, the Cameron Highlands and Penang. Buses also ride daily between the island of Pangkor and Penang. This is an economical, local and efficient way to get around Malaysia.
Trains
Malaysia has a limited railway network from south to north. It’s not the quickest means of transport, since the train will stop at most train stations along the way, but we feel it is well worth including during your trip as the train is an enjoyable means of transport and a great way to meet some locals. You can travel by train on the route from Singapore to Malacca (Tampin) or Kuala Lumpur, which stops at Butterworth, the closest stop to Penang Island.
Domestic Flights
If you are short on time or would prefer to cover longer distances quickly then domestic flights are the best option. For some routes flying is the preferred option, for example between Penang and the east coast. Air Asia is the most commonly used airline, along with Silk and Batik Air.
Driving and vehicle rental
The roads in Peninsular Malaysia are good, making driving a viable prospect for tourists – though the cavalier local attitude to road rules takes some getting used to. It’s mostly the same story in Sarawak, though in Sabah a sizeable minority of roads are rough, unpaved and susceptible to flash flooding.
Driving is on the left, and wearing seat belts is compulsory in the front of the vehicle. To rent a vehicle, you must be 23 or over and need to show a clean driving licence
What to wear
Lightweight, loose-fitting clothes are sensible at any time of year. To avoid offending local sensibilities, female travellers should wear clothes that cover the legs and upper arms. Note that shorts are rarely worn by adults, except at the beach. Full-length trousers will create a better impression. Because of the rainfall patterns and the vagaries of Malaysia weather, always carry an umbrella.
Health advice
The US Center For Disease Control maintains an updated list of medical advice for those travelling to Malaysia
The CDC recommends being up to date with all your regular shots. These vaccines include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, polio vaccine, and your yearly flu shot
Malaysia Health Care and Vaccinations
Title | Special precautions |
Diphtheria | Sometimes |
Hepatitis A | Yes |
Yellow Fever | Sometimes*** |
Typhoid | Yes |
Tetanus | Yes |
Rabies | Yes ** |
Malaria | Yes* |
* Malaria is only a risk in certain regions of Malaysia. Urban and coastal areas are usually safe.
** Vaccinations are only recommended for travellers spending extended periods in rural areas.
*** A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over one year of age arriving within six days from infected areas.
Malaria and Hepatitis A and C are present in Malaysia and Hepatitis B is also widespread, though the risk to travellers is low. Outbreaks of dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis and meningococcal meningitis occur in both urban and rural areas but are rare in Kuala Lumpur, Penang and coastal resorts. Rabies is present; if bitten by monkeys or dogs, seek immediate medical attention.
The Zika virus is endemic in Malaysia. The mosquito-borne illness can be spread from a pregnant woman to her unborn baby as well as through sexual contact. Travellers to Malaysia should protect themselves from mosquito bites and wear clothes that cover as much of the body as possible, sleep under mosquito nets and use repellents that contain DEET.
HEALTH CARE
Health insurance is recommended. Government and private hospitals are found in all the main cities and can deal with major medical needs, but all charge for treatments. Standards are generally higher at private hospitals.
FOOD & WATER SAFETY IN MALAYSIA?
Food is one of the highlights of any trip to Malaysia, but a little caution is required as standards of hygiene can vary. Restaurants are usually one, and you should also be safe at street stalls and night markets where the food is prepared freshly on the premises. Only eat well-cooked meat and fish and avoid places where food has been left lying around in the open air. Avoid ice cream and other unpasteurised dairy products as they may have been defrosted and refrozen.
Tap water in larger cities is usually safe, but most people prefer to drink bottled water. Elsewhere, all water should be regarded as being potentially contaminated – stick to water that has been boiled or sterilised.
Safety
Singapore is the 6th safest country in the world, based on the safest and most dangerous countries ranking. Singapore is the safest country in Asia. Violent crimes against tourists almost don’t exist. The top list of crimes in Singapore leads to petty crimes, including pickpocketing.
Things to be aware of
- There’s an ongoing high risk of kidnapping in the coastal areas of eastern Sabah. There have been a number of attempted and successful kidnappings. This includes islands, dive sites and tourist facilities. If, despite our advice, you travel to these areas, get professional security advice. Obey all local governments’ curfews.
- Terrorism is a threat. Possible targets include businesses and public areas popular with foreigners. Take official warnings seriously.
- Petty crime is common. Bag-snatching, including by thieves on motorbikes, happens often. When walking, hold your bag on the opposite side to the traffic. Safeguard your belongings, especially in shopping centres, at the airport and on trains. Credit card fraud is common. Always keep your credit card in sight when paying for purchases.
- Drink spiking can occur, even at reputable places. Never accept food, drinks, cigarettes or gum from strangers. Don’t leave your food or drinks unattended.
Local laws and customs
Malaysia is a multicultural, majority-Muslim country. You should familiarise yourself with, and respect, local laws and customs. You should respect local cultures, traditions and religions; and take care not to offend, especially during the holy month of Ramadan, other religious festivals or if you intend to visit religious sites. See Travelling during Ramadan
You should also dress modestly, particularly in conservative and rural areas and when visiting places of worship, and government buildings. You may be refused entry if you are not appropriately dressed, including closed shoes. You should check the signs displayed at the entrance.
If you are a Muslim you may be subject to local Shari’a law.
There are severe penalties for all drug offences; this includes amphetamine-type stimulants. Possession incurs a custodial sentence and possible whipping.
You could be asked to take a urine test on arrival in Malaysia if you are suspected of having used drugs before your visit. Urine tests can also be taken when individuals are detained following raids on bars and nightclubs. If the test is positive, you could be detained, charged and/or deported and blacklisted.
Importing unlicensed firearms and ammunition into Malaysia is prohibited and can carry the death penalty. This includes spent ammunition and souvenirs from war museums. You should not bring any replica weapons, firearms or ammunition into Malaysia. You may be detained and charged.
Homosexual acts are illegal in Malaysia and punishable under federal law. You should avoid any behaviour which could attract unwanted attention, including public displays of affection.
Useful emergency numbers
Service | Dial |
Police and Ambulance | 999 |
Fire | 994 |
Civil Defense | 991 |
From mobile phone | 112 |
KL Tourist Police | 03-2149 6590 |
Climate
Malaysia & Borneo Climate
Benefiting from its location just north of the Equator, Malaysia is a good summer destination. The country’s capital and west coast are hot all year round, making it an ideal place to visit for a city and/or beach break. Rain should be expected throughout the year, but these intermittent downpours shouldn’t impact your enjoyment. During September and October, the west coast destinations such as Penang and Langkawi see more rain than usual. At this time of year, a visit to historic Georgetown and island hopping off Langkawi is best substituted by an east coast destination. Between March and October, the diving hotspot of Tioman, the white sand beaches of the Perhantians and the stunning mosques of Kuala Terengganu come to the fore.
Borneo is one of Southeast Asia’s few summer destinations, with the best time to travel being between March and October when the island is at its driest. This is the best time to see orangutans in the wild, while turtles can be seen on Lankayan Island between June and September. During the rest of the year, Borneo experiences a tropical climate and the rains come to water the forest below. It’s hot and humid for most of the year, with temperatures averaging 27°C to 32°C and humidity usually at around 80%. However, there’s always somewhere to break up the trip; trek up Mount Kinabalu to be rewarded by stunning views and a cooling breeze, or head to the beaches for some swimming and world-class snorkelling.
Weather Month-By-Month
Malaysia:
During January, most of Malaysia will be bathed in sunshine, with very little rainfall expected; the only exception being the east coast and its islands. As such, it’s the perfect time to head to the beaches of Langkawi, visit the capital or explore Malacca. Average temperatures sit at a comfortable 30°C.
Borneo:
Borneo sees some of its highest rainfall for the year; particulary in Sarawak. Sabah will most likely receive less rain at this time, but storms and high winds can make sea travel and reaching the more rural areas difficult. The poor weather also means that much of the wildlife remains hidden from view as animals shelter in the dense forest.
Events & Festivals
- Chinese New Year (date varies): The Chinese New Year is a national holiday in Malaysia, with festivities and celebrations held throughout the country, making it an exciting time to visit.
- Chinese New Year (date varies): The Chinese New Year is a national holiday in Malaysia, with festivities and celebrations held throughout the country, making it an exciting time to visit.
- Federal Territory Day (1st February): A state holiday for Federal Territory in Malaysia celebrating the anniversary of the formation of the Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory in 1974.
- Chinese New Year (date varies): The Chinese New Year is a national holiday in Malaysia, with festivities and celebrations held throughout the country, making it an exciting time to visit.
- Gawai Dayak/Harvest Festival (31st May – 1st June): An annual festival celebrated by the Dayak people in Sarawak, where it’s a public holiday. It’s marked with the sharing of food, decorated longhouses and traditional dress.
- Malaysian Labour Day (1st May): A national holiday throughout Malaysia – including Borneo – in celebration of the economic and social achievements of workers.
- Miri Jazz Festival (May): A two day festival where local and international jazz musicians perform for visitors from around the world.
- Gawai Dayak/Harvest Festival (31st May – 1st June): An annual festival celebrated by the Dayak people in Sarawak, where it’s a public holiday. It’s marked with the sharing of food, decorated longhouses and traditional dress.
- The King’s Birthday (first Saturday in June): A national holiday marking the birth of Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Malaysia’s head of state.
- Borneo Cultural Festival (July): Annually held in Sibu, this ten day festival includes traditional music performances, various contests and plenty of good food
- Rainforest Music Festival (July): Renowned world musicians and indigenous musicians of Boreno gather in Kuching to perform, with lectures and workshops also taking place for visitors
- Hari Raya Aidilfitri (July): Marking the end of Ramadan with the breaking of the fast, this is one of the most important celebrations on the Islamic calendar. Families gather together for a traditional feast and travel may be busy.
- National Day/Hari Merdeka (31st August): A day commemorating the independence of the Federation of Malaya from British colonial rule in 1957.
- Awal Muharram (date varies, but usually between September and November): The beginning of the Islamic New Year is marked by Muslims through the attendance of religious activities, praying and singing.
- Hari Raya Haji/Feast of the Sacrifice (September): Marks the end of the hajj pilgrimage season, when many Muslims make the pilgrimage to Mecca. Animals are sacrificed and the meat distributed to relatives and the poor.
- Malaysia Day/Hari Malaysia (16th September): A national holiday to commemorate the establishment of the Malaysian federation in 1963.
- Awal Muharram (date varies, but usually between September and November): The beginning of the Islamic New Year is marked by Muslims through the attendance of religious activities, praying and singing.
- Deepavali/Diwali (October): The Hindu ‘Festival of Lights’ is celebrated throughout Borneo as families gather to pray and give gifts.
- Awal Muharram (date varies, but usually between September and November): The beginning of the Islamic New Year is marked by Muslims through the attendance of religious activities, praying and singing.
- Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), Sepang
- Penang International Airport, Penang
- Senai International Airport, Johor
- Kuching International Airport, Sarawak
- Kota Kinabalu International Airport, Sabah
- Kompleks Sultan Abu Bakar (Second Link), Tanjung Kupang, Johor
- Bangunan Sultan Iskandar, Bukit Chagar, Johor Bahru, Johor
Malaysia:
Another month to avoid the east coast. However, the rest of Malaysia presents perfect conditions for exploring. With low season promotional offers and lower visitor numbers at this time of year, this is a great time to visit.
Borneo:
You should still expect to see some rainfall in Sarawak over this time, but it shouldn’t impact your exploration too much. Lower visitor numbers and drier weather in Sabah – particularly in the north – make February an appealing month to visit if you are looking to take advantage of low season promotional offers; with Kota Kinabalu and the northern coast, including Gaya Island, being warm and relatively dry at this time. However, southern areas such as Danum Valley and the Sipadan Islands are still likely to receive heavy rainfall.
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
It begins to brighten up on the east coast, and islands such as Tiomanstart to open up again. With great weather expected throughout Malaysia, you have the pick of most areas
Borneo:
Visitor numbers are still relatively low at this time of year, and for the most part, the island is dry. As such, this is a wonderful time to visit; taking advantage of shoulder season offers and lower crowds. This is also the start of the whale shark season.
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
Visitor numbers continue to rise on the east coast, and with Penangand Langkawi still bathing in sunshine. April is a popular time to travel to Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur, the Cameron Highlands and Pangkor Lautare subject to the odd shower at this time of year, but not enough to impact on your trip
Borneo:
April is one of the best months to visit Borneo, as dry weather dominates. It also has some of the best conditions for trekking, and you’ll have a good chance of seeing some orangutans.
Malaysia:
Malaysia’s east coast is the perfect place to be as the snorkeling and diving season begins. Calm seas and white sands are the perfect match for the beautiful islands. The winds pick up on the west coast and the continuous sunshine is no longer guaranteed. You can also expect some late afternoon thunderstorms.
Borneo:
During May, Borneo should have good weather all round, making it a perfect time to visit before high season prices set in. Orangutans are out in full force, making jungle treks extremely rewarding. This is also a good time to visit the beaches as their white sands are basked in sunshine.
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
Peak diving season begins on Tioman, with Redang and the Perhentiansalso experiencing hot, dry weather. The rains come to the west coast but are usually short sharp showers and should not impact on your overall enjoyment. This is a good time to combine Kuala Lumpur with Kuala Terrengganu and the Perhentians.
Borneo:
Hot, dry weather is present across most of Borneo in June, with the occasional rain shower occuring on Borneo’s northern coastline. June marks the start of turtle season off Lankayan Island, while the fruiting season is in full swing in the forest, causing orangutans to venture closer as they forage. All of this makes June an extremely attractive time to visit.
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
This is peak season on the east coast, and visitor numbers will be high due to it coinciding with the European school holidays. The east coast receives some of its best weather, while on the west coast the seas are choppy, winds are up, and you should expect the odd downpour.
Borneo:
July is perhaps the most popular time to travel to Borneo as it experiences near perfect conditions throughout. Turtle season continues to enthrall visitors, and orangutans are still active amongst the fruit trees. You should expect greater crowds and high season prices during this time of year.
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
Peak season continues on the east coast and it’s a good idea to book far in advance in order to secure preferred accommodation options. With hot, humid conditions and the chance of rain, Malaysia’s west coast will now start to receive heavy downpours, though many people still travel during this period.
Borneo:
With conditions similar to July, if not better, booking far in advance is recommended as jungle lodges and beach properties fill up fast. Baby turtles begin to hatch on the beaches and fruit is still abundant in the forests, making this a great time to visit for wildlife enthusiasts
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
At the start of the month the east coast should still be bathing in sunshine; however, as the month goes on temperatures begin to drop and rougher seas are visible around the islands. Over on the other side of the country, the rains begin to die down and sunny days become more frequent. With visitor numbers dropping, you could grab a shoulder season bargain.
Borneo:
It’s the end of turtle season on Langkayan Island, and hotel prices start to return to normal. However, the weather remains fine and dry throughout, so it’s still a very appealing time to visit for relaxing on the beach, snorkeling, and wildlife watching on Kinabatangan River.
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
The rains on the west coast have one last downpour before months of dry weather. There should be guaranteed sunshine on Penang and Langkawi towards the end of the month. The east coast, on the other hand, braces itself for high winds and heavy rains. This can be a good time to visit as visitor numbers will be lower.
Borneo:
October is a great month to catch the last of the good weather prior to the rains setting in. Shoulder season prices take effect, and orangutans can still be seen in the wild. This is also the prime time for diving at Sipadan.
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
With the majority of the east coast islands now closed, it’s time for the west coast destinations to shine. Visitors start to flock to Penang and Langkawi. Go at the beginning of the month to have the pick of the hotels.
Borneo:
Visitor numbers decline as rainfall and thunderstorms return to Borneo. The rains create lush jungle, attracting an abundance of wildlife. Fewer people at national parks and sanctuaries may mean that this is a favored month for keen wildlife enthusiasts who don’t mind getting wet.
Events & Festivals
Malaysia:
December has a similar story to November, with the west coast getting all of the sunshine and attracting most visitors as the east coast properties close their doors until March. Avoid the Christmas rush and get there early in the month.
Borneo:
In Borneo thunderstorms and rainfall during December can hinder access to parts of Borneo and mean that wildlife sightings are not as common. We would therefore avoid traveling to Borneo at this time.
Current Weather Forecasts | |||
Penang
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Kota Kinabalu
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Kuching
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Kuala Lumpur
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Visa information
Tourist Visas for Malaysia
Every person entering Malaysia must possess a valid Passport or internationally recognized Travel Document valid. The document shall be valid, for more than six (6) months from the date of entry into Malaysia.
Who requires a visa (Please see at http://www.kln.gov.my/?m_id=53)
The above nationals are required to apply for a visa to enter Malaysia. A visa is an endorsement in a passport or other recognized travel document indicating that the holder has applied for permission to enter Malaysia and that permission has been granted. Visa which has been granted is not an absolute guarantee that the holder will be allowed to enter Malaysia. The final decision lies with the Immigration Officer at the entry point.
Visa Application New Procedure
Visa Fees
Indian Nationals
(Single entry is AED 65 & multiple entries is AED 200)
Other Nationals
(Single entry is AED 25 & multiple entries is AED 50)
Submission hours: 9:00 am to 11:00 am (Sun. to Thu.)
Collection hours: 1:30 pm to 2:30 pm (Sun. to Thu.)
*** Visa application form can be downloaded from http://www.kdn.gov.my/forms/Form_IM.47.pdf
Visa on Arrival
How to Apply:
1. 1 set of form IM. 47 – Pin. 1/97
2. Confirmed return ticket
3. Provide address in Malaysia
VOA Is Issued At The Following Entry Checkpoints:
Duration Of Stay :
14 days.
Fees :
RM330.00
Who Is Not Eligible for VOA
1. Citizens of African countries as follows :
( i ) Angola
( ii ) Burkina Faso
( iii ) Burundi
( iv ) Cameroon
( v ) Central African Republic
( vi ) Cote d’Ivoire
( vii ) Republic Congo
( viii ) Democratic Republic of Congo
( ix ) Djibouti
( x ) Equatorial Guinea
( xi ) Eritrea
( xii ) Ethiopia
( xiii ) Guinea – Bissau
( xiv ) Ghana
( xv ) Liberia
( xvi ) Mali
( xvii ) Mozambique
( xviii ) Niger
( xix ) Nigeria
( xx ) Rwanda
2. Citizens of Afghanistan**
3. Citizens of Colombia
4. Citizens of India**
5. Citizens of Israel
6. Citizens of Pakistan**
7. Citizens of Republic of Montenegro
8. Citizens of the Republic of Serbia
9. Citizens of Sri Lanka**
**
VOA issuance can be considered to citizens of India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka if they hold a valid permanent residence, expatriate pass, dependant pass, student pass and long term visit pass from other countries.
Electrical
The standard voltage is 240 V and the standard frequency is 50 Hz.
Which power plugs and sockets in Malaysia?
In Malaysia, the power plugs and sockets are of type G. Check out the following pictures.
Type G: this type is of British origin. This socket only works with plug G.
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Type G: This socket has no alternative plugs |
Mexico
Are you planning to visit Mexico? Check if you need a power plug adapter or voltage converter for the power sockets (outlets) used in Mexico.
The following information is for travellers living in the United States of America. I live in another country.
You don’t need a power plug adapter in Mexico when living in the United States of America.
Electricity in Mexico
In Mexico the power plugs and sockets are of type A and B. The standard voltage is 127 V and the standard frequency is 60 Hz.
Power plug adapter needed in Mexico?
In Mexico the power plugs and sockets are of type A and B. When living in the United States of America you don’t need a power plug adapter in Mexico. Your power plugs fit.
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Type A: This socket has no alternative plugs | Type B: This socket also works with plug A |